06-28-2021
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#10 |
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رد: Juristic Rulings Relevant to Purification, Prayer, and Funerals Wiping over the Splint
Question (21):What is the ruling on wiping over a splint and similar covers? And what is the proof from the Qur’an and Sunnah?Answer (21):First, we must define the splint.In principle, the splint is what is used to heal a bone fracture. According to jurists, it refers to what is placed on a part of the body that must be purified [in ablution or ritual bath] for a certain need,such as the cast dressed on a fracture and the bandage placed on a wound or a spot of back pain or the like. Wiping over it is sufficient as a substitute for washing.For example, if there is a bandage covering a wound on a person’s arm that he is in need of, he is permitted to wipe over it instead of washing. This is considered complete purification, which means that if he removes this splint or bandage afterwards, his purification is still valid,because it was done in a Shariah-approved manner. In addition, there is no proof that removing the bandage invalidates ablution or the state of purification.None of the reports concerning the splint is free of some objection supported by weak reports which some scholars used and said that the collective number of those reports make them sufficient as valid evidence.Other scholars held that those reports are not reliable owing to their weakness and they differed among themselves. Some of them held that one is exempted from purifying that body part or the place where the splint is worn given his inability to purify them. Others held that one should perform dry ablution for it and not wipe over it.
However, the most plausible opinion irrespective of the relevant reports is that wiping over the splint/bandage is permitted without the need for dry ablution.
Hence, we say that if there is a wound in one of the body parts that must be purified, then there are levels for it:
First level: the wound is exposed and unharmed by washing, in which case washing is obligatory.
Second level: the wound is exposed and harmed by washing but not by wiping, in which case wiping over it is obligatory without the need for washing.
Third level: the wound is exposed and harmed by washing and wiping, in which case dry ablution is to be performed instead.
Fourth level: the wound is covered with a bandage or a similar dressing, in which case wiping over this cover is sufficient and there is no need for washing that part.
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Question (22):Are there any conditions for wiping over the splint, like, for example, if it outlasts the need for it?Answer (22):The splint is not to be wiped over except when there is a need for that, so this need must be estimated by the extent thereof. The need is not limited to the site of the wound or pain only but, rather, extends to anything necessary to hold this splint or bandage in place.
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Question (23)oes the [ruling] of splint extend to similar dressings like gauze among others?Answer (23):Yes, it shares the same ruling. It should be known that the splint is not similar to wiping over the leather socks in terms of the specified wiping period. Instead, wiping over the splint can extend as long as the need for it is present.Furthermore, wiping over it is valid in both major and minor impurities [i.e. in both ablution and ritual bath], unlike the leather socks as mentioned earlier. If a person must take a ritual bath, he may wipe over the splint just as he does during ablution.
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Question (24):What is the manner of wiping over the splint? Should one wipe it entirely or some portion of it? Kindly, provide a detailed answer.Answer (24):Yes, one must wipe over it entirely, because the principle rule dictates that an alternative shares the identical ruling of the original case unless the Sunnah reports indicate otherwise. In this case, wiping is the alternative to washing, so just as washing must cover the entire body part,wiping must cover the entire splint. As for wiping over the leather socks, it is a concession and the hadiths indicate that it is sufficient to wipe them partially. |
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