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رد: Juristic Rulings Relevant to Purification, Prayer, and Funerals How does an ill person pray?
1- The ill person must offer the obligatory prayer in a standing position even if he has to bend or lean on a wall or a cane to help himself stand.
2- If he cannot pray standing, he may sit, preferably cross-legged when he should be standing or bowing.
3- If he cannot pray in a sitting position, he may pray on his side, preferably the right one, facing the prayer direction. If he is unable to face the prayer direction, he may pray towards whichever direction he is facing and his prayer is valid without having to repeat it.
4- If he cannot pray on his side, he may pray lying on his back with his legs towards the prayer direction. If he cannot place his legs in the prayer direction, he may pray towards whichever direction his legs are facing without having to repeat the prayer.
5- The ill person must bow and prostrate in his prayer but if he cannot, he may nod with his head while marking the prostration with a lower nod. If he can bow but cannot prostrate, he bows at the time of bowing and nods with his head at the time of prostration.If he can prostrate but cannot bow, he prostrates at the time of prostration and nods with his head at the time of bowing.
If he can prostrate but cannot bow, he prostrates at the time of prostration and nods with his head at the time of bowing.
6- If he cannot nod with his head in place of bowing and prostrating, he may gesture with his eyes by closing his eyes slightly to express bowing and closing them more to express prostration. As for pointing with the finger that some ill persons do, it is incorrect and I do not know of any proof to support it from the Qur’an or the Sunnah or the statements of scholars.
7- If he cannot nod with the head or gesture with the eyes, he may pray with his heart. He makes Takbؤ«r and recites and makes the intention in his heart for bowing, prostration, standing, and sitting; and every person shall be rewarded according to what he intended.
8- The ill person must offer each prayer at its due time. He must observe the obligatory aspects of prayer to the best of his ability. If it is difficult for him to offer each prayer on time, he may combine Zhuhr with ‘Asr and Maghrib with ‘Ishؤپ’, either in advance, by praying ‘Asr after Zhuhr at the time of Zhuhr, and ‘Ishل¾±’ after Maghrib at the time of Maghrib, or he delays by praying Zhuhr before ‘Asr at the time of ‘Asr and Maghrib before ‘Ishل¾±’ at the time of ‘Ishل¾±’. He may do whichever is easier for him. The Fajr prayer, however, may not be combined with the prayer preceding or following it.
9- If the ill person is traveling abroad for treatment, he may shorten the four-Rak‘ah prayer, so he offers two Rak‘ahs each for Zhuhr, ‘Asr, and ‘Ishؤپ’ until he returns to his town/country irrespective of how long he stays abroad.
* How does an ill person fast?
1- There are three cases regarding the fasting of an ill person:
First: that it is not difficult for him to fast and it does not harm him; in this case he must fast.
Second: that it is difficult for him to fast, in which case it is disliked for him to fast because he has not accepted the concession granted by Allah Almighty.
Third: that it is harmful for him to fast, in which case it is prohibited for him to fast and he would be committing a sin if he fasted,based on the saying of Allah Almighty: {And do not kill yourselves [or one another]. Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful} [Al-Nisؤپ’: 29],and the saying of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him): “Your self has a right over you.” [part of long hadith narrated by Al-Bukhؤپri and Muslim]
based on the saying of Allah Almighty: {And do not kill yourselves [or one another]. Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful} [Al-Nisؤپ’: 29],
and the saying of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him): “Your self has a right over you.” [part of long hadith narrated by Al-Bukhؤپri and Muslim]
2- The ill person must make up for the days of fasting he missed when Allah Almighty heals him without delaying it to the next Ramadؤپn.
3- If he cannot make up for it in the future due to a chronic illness, he may feed a needy person for each day of Ramadؤپn, either day by dayor all at once on the last day of the month by making enough food to feed a number of needy people equal to the number of days of the month [of Ramadؤپn]. He may also feed ten needy people every ten days.
or all at once on the last day of the month by making enough food to feed a number of needy people equal to the number of days of the month [of Ramadؤپn]. He may also feed ten needy people every ten days.
4- If the ill person recovered after the end of Ramadؤپn and he became capable of fasting but did not fast until he died, his guardian should fast on his behalf. If he does not, he should feed a needy person for each day from the estate of the deceased. It is also permissible for the guardian to donate the food [from his own money]. |